SILICOFLUORIDES AND LEAD
Here, we have some information on what the affects are of Fluoride on people and our children.
FLUORIDATION INCREASES LEAD ABSORPTION IN CHILDREN
The chemical most commonly used to fluoridate America's drinking water is associated with an increase in children's blood lead levels.
Most studies that purport fluoridation's safety and effectiveness in preventing cavities use the chemical sodium fluoride. However, 90% of fluoridated communities inject cheaper Silicofluorides (fluosilicic acid and sodium Silicofluorides) into their drinking water based on the theory that each chemical comes apart totally so that freed fluoride can incorporate into tooth enamel.
Silicofluorides do not separate completely, as sodium fluoride does, reports Professor Roger D. Masters, Ph.D., of Dartmouth College, and co-researcher Myron Coplan, chemical engineer. "As a result, water treatment with silicofluorides apparently functions to increase the cellular uptake of lead," they state.
In research published in the International Journal of Environmental Studies (September, 1999), Masters and Coplan studied lead screening data from 280,000 Massachusetts children. They found that average blood lead levels are significantly higher in children living in communities whose water is treated with silicofluorides. A survey of over 120,000 children in Georgia towns (population 15,000 to 75,000) corroborates this effect.
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) warns that excessive blood lead levels can cause learning disabilities, behavioral problems and seizures.
Masters and Coplan report that lead is a highly significant risk factor in predicting higher rates of crime, attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity and substance abuse. In a study now in press, Masters' research team found higher rates of violent crime and substance abuse in silicofluoridated communities.
Is this a risk we want to take with our children?
WATER TREATMENT WITH
SILICOFLUORIDES AND LEAD TOXICITY
Roger D. Masters and Myron J. Coplan*
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rmasters/AHABS/index.html
Department of Government, Dartmouth College and Gruter Institute
for Law and Behavioral Research, IL. B. 6222, Hanover, NH 03755 (USA);
Intellequity, 38 Silver Hill, 8 Natick, MA 01760 (USA)
(Received in final form 26 August 1998)
Toxic metals like lead, manganese, copper and cadmium damage neurons and deregulate neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine (which are essential to normal impulse control and learning. Earlier studies show that - controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors - environmental pollution with lead is a highly significant risk factor in predicting higher rates of crime, attention deficit disorder or hyperactivity, and learning disabilities. Exposure and uptake of lead has been associated with industrial pollution, leaded paint and plumbing systems in old housing, lead residues in soil, dietary habits (such as shortages of calcium and iron), and demographic factors (such as poverty, stress, and minority ethnicity). We report here on an additional "risk co-factor" making lead and other toxic metals in the environment more dangerous to local residents: The use of silicofluorides as agents in water treatment. The two chemicals in question - fluosilicic acid and sodium Silicofluorides - are toxins that, despite claims to the contrary do not dissociate completely and change water chemistry when used under normal water treatment practices. As a result, water treatment with silicofluorides apparently functions to increase the cellular uptake of lead. Data from lead screening of over 280,000 children in Massachusetts indicates that siliconfluoride usage is associated with significant increases in average lead in children's blood as well as percentage of children with blood lead m excess of 10 ug/dL. Consistent with the hypothesized role of silicofluorides as enhancing uptake of lead, whatever the source of exposure, children are especially at risk for higher blood lead in those communities with more old housing or lead in excess of 15 ppb in first draw water samples where silicofluorides are also in use. Preliminary findings from county-level data in Georgia confirm that Silicofluorides usage is associated with higher levels of lead in children's blood, In both Massachusetts and Georgia, moreover, behaviors associated with lead nurotoxicity are more frequent in communities using silicofluorides than in comparable localities that do not use these chemicals. Because there has been insufficient animal or human testing of Silicofluorides treated water. Further study of the effect of silicofluorides is needed to clarify the extent to which these chemicals are risk co-factors for lead uptake and the hazardous effects it produces.
* Corresponding authors.
Intern J. Environ. Studies, 1999. Vol. 56. pp. 435 Reprints available directly from the publisher Photocopying permitted by license onlyŠ 1999 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) N.V. Published by license under the Gordon and Breach Science Publishers imprint. Printed in Malaysia
FLUORIDATION INCREASES LEAD ABSORPTION IN CHILDREN
The chemical most commonly used to fluoridate America's drinking water is associated with an increase in children's blood lead levels.
Most studies that purport fluoridation's safety and effectiveness in preventing cavities use the chemical sodium fluoride. However, 90% of fluoridated communities inject cheaper Silicofluorides (fluosilicic acid and sodium Silicofluorides) into their drinking water based on the theory that each chemical comes apart totally so that freed fluoride can incorporate into tooth enamel.
Silicofluorides do not separate completely, as sodium fluoride does, reports Professor Roger D. Masters, Ph.D., of Dartmouth College, and co-researcher Myron Coplan, chemical engineer. "As a result, water treatment with silicofluorides apparently functions to increase the cellular uptake of lead," they state.
In research published in the International Journal of Environmental Studies (September, 1999), Masters and Coplan studied lead screening data from 280,000 Massachusetts children. They found that average blood lead levels are significantly higher in children living in communities whose water is treated with silicofluorides. A survey of over 120,000 children in Georgia towns (population 15,000 to 75,000) corroborates this effect.
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) warns that excessive blood lead levels can cause learning disabilities, behavioral problems and seizures.
Masters and Coplan report that lead is a highly significant risk factor in predicting higher rates of crime, attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity and substance abuse. In a study now in press, Masters' research team found higher rates of violent crime and substance abuse in silicofluoridated communities.
Is this a risk we want to take with our children?
WATER TREATMENT WITH
SILICOFLUORIDES AND LEAD TOXICITY
Roger D. Masters and Myron J. Coplan*
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rmasters/AHABS/index.html
Department of Government, Dartmouth College and Gruter Institute
for Law and Behavioral Research, IL. B. 6222, Hanover, NH 03755 (USA);
Intellequity, 38 Silver Hill, 8 Natick, MA 01760 (USA)
(Received in final form 26 August 1998)
Toxic metals like lead, manganese, copper and cadmium damage neurons and deregulate neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine (which are essential to normal impulse control and learning. Earlier studies show that - controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors - environmental pollution with lead is a highly significant risk factor in predicting higher rates of crime, attention deficit disorder or hyperactivity, and learning disabilities. Exposure and uptake of lead has been associated with industrial pollution, leaded paint and plumbing systems in old housing, lead residues in soil, dietary habits (such as shortages of calcium and iron), and demographic factors (such as poverty, stress, and minority ethnicity). We report here on an additional "risk co-factor" making lead and other toxic metals in the environment more dangerous to local residents: The use of silicofluorides as agents in water treatment. The two chemicals in question - fluosilicic acid and sodium Silicofluorides - are toxins that, despite claims to the contrary do not dissociate completely and change water chemistry when used under normal water treatment practices. As a result, water treatment with silicofluorides apparently functions to increase the cellular uptake of lead. Data from lead screening of over 280,000 children in Massachusetts indicates that siliconfluoride usage is associated with significant increases in average lead in children's blood as well as percentage of children with blood lead m excess of 10 ug/dL. Consistent with the hypothesized role of silicofluorides as enhancing uptake of lead, whatever the source of exposure, children are especially at risk for higher blood lead in those communities with more old housing or lead in excess of 15 ppb in first draw water samples where silicofluorides are also in use. Preliminary findings from county-level data in Georgia confirm that Silicofluorides usage is associated with higher levels of lead in children's blood, In both Massachusetts and Georgia, moreover, behaviors associated with lead nurotoxicity are more frequent in communities using silicofluorides than in comparable localities that do not use these chemicals. Because there has been insufficient animal or human testing of Silicofluorides treated water. Further study of the effect of silicofluorides is needed to clarify the extent to which these chemicals are risk co-factors for lead uptake and the hazardous effects it produces.
* Corresponding authors.
Intern J. Environ. Studies, 1999. Vol. 56. pp. 435 Reprints available directly from the publisher Photocopying permitted by license onlyŠ 1999 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) N.V. Published by license under the Gordon and Breach Science Publishers imprint. Printed in Malaysia
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